There are several related Greek words that are translated as punish, discipline, admonish, chasten, etc. Each original word has a slightly different connotation, and so it is important to distinguish them from one another.
Kolazo-- restrain, punish
Matthew 25:46 Eternal punishment for those accursed by God.
Acts 4:21 Authorities want to punish the apostles.
Hebrews 10:29 Deserved treatment for those who spurn God's love.
I Peter 2:14 Governors punish those who do wrong.
2 Peter 2:9 Unrighteous are kept under punishment until the Day of Judgment.
I John 4:18 Fear of punishment belongs to those who have not reached perfection in love.
Timoreo-- to help by punishing a foe, vengeance
Acts 22:5; 26:11 Saul's treatment of Christians before his conversion.
2 Thessalonians 1:9 Eternal punishment on those who do not obey the Gospel.
Sophronizo-- admonish, discipline, calling to a sound mind and self-control
2 Timothy 1:7 God gave us a spirit of self-discipline.
Paideuo-- chasten, primarily used in training children, instruct. Can be by reproving with words
or by inflicting calamities
Luke 23:16 Pilate wants to have Jesus flogged and then released.
I Corinthians 11:32 When we are judged by the Lord, we are chastened so that we might not be condemned with the world.
2 Corinthians 6:9 Paul's various sufferings—punished (by enemies) but not killed.
1 Timothy 1:20 Apostates turned over to Satan so that they could learn not to blaspheme.
2 Timothy 2:25 Correct opponents with gentleness so that they might repent and see the truth.
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is useful for reproof, teaching, etc.
Hebrews 12:5-11 Major teaching on subject.
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